Orion 09by Capital & Control
Indexes/Stability

Stability Index

Whether the rules you plan around will still exist in five years — political continuity, institutional strength and policy volatility.

Median
48
Mean
50
Top decile from
88
Highest
98

What this index measures

High · scored 0–100

  1. 01

    Political and institutional continuity

  2. 02

    Frequency of adverse tax rule changes

  3. 03

    Currency and fiscal position

Treat stability as a discount rate on every other score. A 95 tax score under an unstable regime is worth less than an 80 under a settled one.

How the score is weighted

Each input is normalised to 0–100 across all 209 jurisdictions, then combined at the weights below. Weights sum to 100 and are held constant across every jurisdiction in an edition, so scores stay comparable.

High in the composite

WeightingPublished
  • Political and institutional continuity35% of the score

    Government effectiveness and orderly transitions.

  • Tax and policy volatility30% of the score

    Frequency of adverse retroactive rule changes.

  • Fiscal position20% of the score

    Debt trajectory and sovereign rating.

  • Currency risk15% of the score

    Peg durability, inflation and capital controls.

Who leads it

The ten highest scores on this signal, with their overall standing beside them — the gap between the two columns is the trade-off.

  1. 01
    Switzerland
    Europe
    98ovr 77
  2. 02
    Finland
    Europe
    95ovr 69
  3. 03
    Norway
    Europe
    95ovr 64
  4. 04
    Luxembourg
    Europe
    95ovr 60
  5. 05
    New Zealand
    Oceania
    95ovr 50
  6. 06
    Iceland
    Europe
    95ovr 49
  7. 07
    Liechtenstein
    Europe
    95ovr 49
  8. 08
    Denmark
    Europe
    93ovr 63
  9. 09
    Netherlands
    Europe
    92ovr 65
  10. 10
    Sweden
    Europe
    92ovr 63

How regions compare

Average score per region against its best case. A wide gap means the region is worth searching; a narrow one means the whole region behaves the same way.

  • Europe
    74 / 98
  • Oceania
    55 / 95
  • Americas
    54 / 88
  • Asia
    41 / 85
  • Africa
    35 / 72
  • Middle East
    32 / 62

Full ranking

Continent209 shown
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#JurisdictionRegionStabilityOrion Index Score
001SwitzerlandEurope
98
77100% rated
002FinlandEurope
95
69100% rated
003NorwayEurope
95
6495% rated
004LuxembourgEurope
95
6089% rated
005New ZealandOceania
95
5073% rated
006IcelandEurope
95
4973% rated
007LiechtensteinEurope
95
4973% rated
008DenmarkEurope
93
6395% rated
009NetherlandsEurope
92
6595% rated
010SwedenEurope
92
6395% rated
011GermanyEurope
90
6695% rated
012IrelandEurope
90
6695% rated
013AustriaEurope
90
6595% rated
014GuernseyEurope
90
5187% rated
015Isle of ManEurope
90
5187% rated
016JerseyEurope
90
5187% rated
017Vatican CityEurope
90
4773% rated
018EstoniaEurope
88
6281% rated
019AndorraEurope
88
6281% rated
020MonacoEurope
88
5373% rated
021AustraliaOceania
88
4973% rated
022CanadaAmericas
88
4773% rated
023Cayman IslandsAmericas
85
6092% rated
024GibraltarEurope
85
5487% rated
025San MarinoEurope
85
5373% rated
026JapanAsia
85
4573% rated
027BelgiumEurope
85
4473% rated
028United KingdomEurope
85
4373% rated
029PortugalEurope
82
6081% rated
030BermudaAmericas
82
5792% rated
031SloveniaEurope
82
4773% rated
032FranceEurope
82
4573% rated
033Czech RepublicEurope
80
4773% rated
034British Virgin IslandsAmericas
78
5487% rated
035LatviaEurope
78
5073% rated
036SpainEurope
78
5073% rated
037LithuaniaEurope
78
5073% rated
038South KoreaAsia
78
4673% rated
039CyprusEurope
75
5978% rated
040MaltaEurope
75
5173% rated
041UruguayAmericas
75
4773% rated
042SingaporeAsia
72
5373% rated
043Costa RicaAmericas
72
4973% rated
044TaiwanAsia
72
4873% rated
045MauritiusAfrica
72
4773% rated
046ChileAmericas
72
4673% rated
047PolandEurope
72
4673% rated
048SlovakiaEurope
72
4673% rated
049ItalyEurope
70
4673% rated
050Antigua and BarbudaAmericas
68
5373% rated
051CroatiaEurope
68
4873% rated
052BarbadosAmericas
68
4673% rated
053Cape VerdeAfrica
68
4473% rated
054BotswanaAfrica
68
4273% rated
055USAAmericas
68
3973% rated
056St Kitts and NevisAmericas
65
5473% rated
057GrenadaAmericas
65
5373% rated
058BahamasAmericas
65
5373% rated
059PanamaAmericas
65
5173% rated
060GreeceEurope
65
4773% rated
061DominicaAmericas
62
5373% rated
062St LuciaAmericas
62
5373% rated
063MalaysiaAsia
62
5073% rated
064RomaniaEurope
62
4773% rated
065IsraelMiddle East
62
4673% rated
066SeychellesAfrica
62
4573% rated
067Cook IslandsOceania
62
4273% rated
068BulgariaEurope
60
5173% rated
069NiueOceania
60
3973% rated
070MontenegroEurope
58
5373% rated
071HungaryEurope
58
4473% rated
072South AfricaAfrica
58
4273% rated
073St Vincent & GrenadinesAmericas
58
4273% rated
074GhanaAfrica
58
4273% rated
075IndiaAsia
58
4273% rated
076NamibiaAfrica
58
4173% rated
077BruneiAsia
55
5073% rated
078VanuatuOceania
55
5073% rated
079SerbiaEurope
55
4873% rated
080OmanMiddle East
55
4887% rated
081MexicoAmericas
55
4673% rated
082BelizeAmericas
55
4273% rated
083FijiOceania
55
4273% rated
084SamoaOceania
55
4073% rated
085TongaOceania
55
4073% rated
086BhutanAsia
55
3973% rated
087UAEMiddle East
52
5094% rated
088AlbaniaEurope
52
4573% rated
089North MacedoniaEurope
52
4573% rated
090BrazilAmericas
52
4373% rated
091MoroccoAfrica
52
4373% rated
092TunisiaAfrica
52
4373% rated
093RwandaAfrica
52
4073% rated
094SenegalAfrica
52
4073% rated
095PalauOceania
52
3973% rated
096MongoliaAsia
52
3773% rated
097ColombiaAmericas
50
4773% rated
098QatarMiddle East
48
5194% rated
099MaldivesAsia
48
4873% rated
100KuwaitMiddle East
48
4792% rated
101IndonesiaAsia
48
4373% rated
102PeruAmericas
48
4273% rated
103Dominican RepublicAmericas
48
4173% rated
104JamaicaAmericas
48
3973% rated
105Trinidad and TobagoAmericas
48
3973% rated
106JordanMiddle East
48
3973% rated
107TanzaniaAfrica
48
3973% rated
108Marshall IslandsOceania
48
3873% rated
109Sao Tome & PrincipeAfrica
48
3773% rated
110TuvaluOceania
48
3773% rated
111GeorgiaEurope
45
5373% rated
112BahrainMiddle East
45
5092% rated
113ParaguayAmericas
45
4973% rated
114Saudi ArabiaMiddle East
45
4995% rated
115Bosnia and HerzegovinaEurope
45
4373% rated
116KosovoEurope
45
3973% rated
117MicronesiaOceania
45
3773% rated
118MacauAsia
42
4673% rated
119ThailandAsia
42
4673% rated
120TurkeyAsia
42
4573% rated
121KazakhstanAsia
42
4573% rated
122ArgentinaAmericas
42
4373% rated
123ArmeniaAsia
42
4273% rated
124EcuadorAmericas
42
4173% rated
125MoldovaEurope
42
4173% rated
126Sri LankaAsia
42
4073% rated
127PhilippinesAsia
42
3973% rated
128GuatemalaAmericas
42
3973% rated
129KenyaAfrica
42
3973% rated
130El SalvadorAmericas
42
3873% rated
131GuyanaAmericas
42
3773% rated
132Ivory CoastAfrica
42
3773% rated
133MadagascarAfrica
42
3773% rated
134MalawiAfrica
42
3773% rated
135ZambiaAfrica
42
3773% rated
136BeninAfrica
42
3673% rated
137KiribatiOceania
42
3673% rated
138NauruOceania
42
3673% rated
139EswatiniAfrica
42
3573% rated
140Hong KongAsia
38
4573% rated
141VietnamAsia
38
4373% rated
142AzerbaijanAsia
38
3973% rated
143BoliviaAmericas
38
3873% rated
144EgyptAfrica
38
3773% rated
145NepalAsia
38
3773% rated
146SurinameAmericas
38
3773% rated
147GambiaAfrica
38
3773% rated
148KyrgyzstanAsia
38
3773% rated
149Timor-LesteAsia
38
3773% rated
150Solomon IslandsOceania
38
3673% rated
151UgandaAfrica
38
3673% rated
152ComorosAfrica
38
3573% rated
153DjiboutiAfrica
38
3573% rated
154GabonAfrica
38
3573% rated
155MozambiqueAfrica
38
3573% rated
156Sierra LeoneAfrica
38
3573% rated
157TogoAfrica
38
3573% rated
158LesothoAfrica
38
3473% rated
159UzbekistanAsia
35
3773% rated
160HondurasAmericas
35
3673% rated
161Papua New GuineaOceania
35
3473% rated
162CambodiaAsia
32
3973% rated
163CubaAmericas
32
3873% rated
164AlgeriaAfrica
32
3573% rated
165BangladeshAsia
32
3573% rated
166CameroonAfrica
32
3473% rated
167NigeriaAfrica
32
3473% rated
168AngolaAfrica
32
3473% rated
169LiberiaAfrica
32
3473% rated
170MauritaniaAfrica
32
3373% rated
171NicaraguaAmericas
28
3773% rated
172LaosAsia
28
3773% rated
173TajikistanAsia
28
3473% rated
174PakistanAsia
28
3473% rated
175EthiopiaAfrica
28
3373% rated
176GuineaAfrica
28
3373% rated
177BurundiAfrica
28
3273% rated
178CongoAfrica
28
3273% rated
179Guinea-BissauAfrica
28
3273% rated
180BelarusEurope
25
4073% rated
181RussiaEurope
25
3973% rated
182ChinaAsia
25
3673% rated
183ZimbabweAfrica
25
3473% rated
184TurkmenistanAsia
22
3273% rated
185Burkina FasoAfrica
22
3173% rated
186Equatorial GuineaAfrica
22
3173% rated
187IranMiddle East
18
2973% rated
188LebanonMiddle East
15
3373% rated
189MaliAfrica
15
3073% rated
190NigerAfrica
15
2973% rated
191ChadAfrica
15
2873% rated
192IraqMiddle East
15
2773% rated
193North KoreaAsia
15
2673% rated
194Western SaharaAfrica
15
2673% rated
195DR CongoAfrica
12
2873% rated
196EritreaAfrica
12
2873% rated
197VenezuelaAmericas
8
2973% rated
198HaitiAmericas
8
2773% rated
199UkraineEurope
0
3473% rated
200MyanmarAsia
0
2873% rated
201PalestineMiddle East
0
2673% rated
202Central African RepublicAfrica
0
2673% rated
203LibyaAfrica
0
2473% rated
204SyriaMiddle East
0
2473% rated
205SomaliaAfrica
0
2373% rated
206South SudanAfrica
0
2373% rated
207SudanAfrica
0
2373% rated
208YemenMiddle East
0
2373% rated
209AfghanistanAsia
0
2373% rated
At the other end

The five lowest scores on this signal: Afghanistan (0), Yemen (0), Sudan (0), South Sudan (0), Somalia (0). A weak score here is not disqualifying on its own — read it against the composite.

Where this comes from

Each input is normalised to a 0–100 scale and weighted into the score above. We cite the underlying publication rather than the aggregator wherever one exists.

Edition 2026.1 · reviewed quarterly

  1. 01Worldwide Governance Indicators
    World Bank

    Political stability, government effectiveness and regulatory quality.

  2. 02Sovereign credit ratings
    Fitch / S&P / Moody's

    Fiscal position and currency risk.

  3. 03Article IV country reports
    IMF

    Policy volatility and macro-fiscal outlook.

Read next

Orion Index Score
Composite

The weighted composite of thirteen factors across four groups — financial, mobility & access, human development & services, and safety & livability. It answers one question: on balance, how well does this jurisdiction serve someone who can choose where to live and where to hold capital?

Tax Burden Index
Heaviest weight

Effective personal tax exposure for a mobile earner — headline income tax, plus how the jurisdiction treats foreign income, capital gains and wealth.

Cost of Living Index
Moderate

What a comparable standard of living costs on the ground — housing, schooling, services and the everyday basket.

Safety Index
High

Personal and civil safety — violent crime, property crime, and the risk of disorder or conflict spilling into daily life.

Healthcare Index
High

Quality, access and cost of care for a resident who is paying privately or through a local scheme.

Passport Strength Index
Moderate

What the travel document is worth — visa-free reach, treaty position, and whether citizenship is realistically attainable.

209 jurisdictions · Edition 2026.1 · scores are informational, not tax advice